The Winchester Greek List

A Great Garland of Greek Vocabulary

One of the greatest joys of Ancient Greek is the ineffable richness of its vocabulary. Whereas a Latin lexicon for the ancient world would contain 40,000 to 50,000 words (Medieval, Renaissance, and Neo-Latin lexica being quite a different matter!), we know of comfortably 120,000 words from the Ancient Greek world. Combine the multi-millennia existences of multiple Greek dialects in all conceivable genres and contexts, and the wonderful variety of Greek becomes truly kaleidoscopic.

Wonderful, yes, but the downside of all of this is that there is no-one alive on the planet who has a complete knowledge of Greek vocabulary (even ignoring all evolutions and additions throughout its Byzantine survival into the modern era). And where is a mere learner to begin? Should he just learn the words of the author he is reading (Homer or Plato or the New Testament)? Should she find a frequency list of the top 1,000 words in all Ancient Greek and commit them to her memory? (The excellent Dickinson College Commentaries can start off that list with the 524 most common Greek words!)

What one really wants, after learning the most essential elements of Greek vocabulary (the articles, pronouns, prepositions, ultra-common nouns and adjectives, essential verbs, etc.) is some curated list that gathers together the next tier of words which will be helpful for a wide reading of Greek prose and poetry. Yes, you could chase down copies of J.R. Cheadle’s Basic Greek Vocabulary (Macmillan, London, 1939 etc.), or W.J. Bullick & J.A. Harrison’s Greek Vocabulary and Idiom for Higher Forms (Macmillan, London, 1960 etc.), and supplement it with J. Jackson’s Iambica (Macmillan, London, 1909 etc.) and W.B. Owen & E.J. Goodspead’s Homeric Vocabularies (Univ. of Oklahoma Press, Norman, OH, 1969 etc.). And yes you could work through the vocabularies at the rear of school editions of authors, such as Herodotus (some Macmillan editions, Cambridge Pitt Press, and Oxford Clarendon Press editions have such lists). But what will take you to the next level, beyond the most obvious answer of working through a series of Greek texts with dictionary (and back-up translation) to hand?

The Antigone team is thrilled to help you out on this one. One of our editors acquired long ago a list of some 1,300 type-written Greek words; the person he acquired this from was born in the 1940s, and he acquired it from someone born in the 1910s, who used it to teach the more advanced boys at Winchester College in the 1950s. All the details are hazy, alas, and the list does not give much away: it covers twenty pages, is haphazard in order, omits genders, parts of speech and accents, as well as any attribution to source author; there is no clear rhyme or reason as to what appears when.

What’s more, it omits the majority of the very most common words in Greek: perhaps 500 to 1,000 words are priced in as already known (not many on the DCC list can be found). However… it is a brilliant collection of rarer words which nevertheless occur in major writers, and would otherwise stop the intermediary reader in their tracks. We find words from Homer, tragedy, comedy, the Attic orators, some philosophy, and sprinklings of lyric. The editor who acquired it as an undergraduate describes it as a godsend: “Learn these words and you have a new lease of life.” Well, whether you want to get under your belt the Greek for “noose”, “tamarisk”, “draughts counter” and “chamber-pot”, or you’re curious what bright-eyed teenagers were encouraged to learn within living memory, the list is what it is.

Rather than present you the raw scans of this hoary document, we set about making it presentable: putting it in alphabetical order, adding parts of speech, genders and accents, and making its format consistent. The transcription work was facilitated by Claude AI, and finessed by Armand D’Angour and Topher Colby. Many thanks to them!

The list can be downloaded as a Word Document, or read and copied from the text below. The gender and number of nouns is given by the definite article; “(n.)” means “noun”, not “neuter”; for some nouns you will want to check the genitive form to establish its stem. If you spot anything awry or incorrect (but not omissions of other words, please, as this list is sui generis!), please send us an email and we will make the change ASAP.

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THE WINCHESTER GREEK LIST

Α

ἄαομαι (v.)           to be infatuated

ἀβέλτερος (adj.)    stupid

τὸ ἄγαλμα (n.)       statue, glory

ἀγάλλομαι (v.)       to glory in, exult in

ἀγακλεής (adj.)      very glorious

ἀγανός (adj.)          gentle

ὁ ἄγγαρος (n.)       courier

τὸ ἀγγεῖον (n.)      vessel

τὸ ἄγγος (n.)          vessel

ἡ ἀγέλη (n.)            herd

ἡ ἄγη (n.)                wonder

τὸ ἄγκιστρον (n.)  fish hook

τὸ ἄγκος (n.)          glen

ἄγνυμι (v.)              to break

τὸ ἄγος (n.)            pollution

ἡ ἄγρα (n.)             chase, quarry

ἀγραυλός (adj.)    living in the field

ἀγριαίνω (v.)         to be angry with (+dat.)

ἀγροῖκος (adj.)      rustic

ἡ ἀγυιά (n.)            street

ἡ ἀγχόνη (n.)         hanging

ἀγχοῦ (adv.)          near

ἄγχω (v.)                to throttle

ἡ ἄδεια (n.)    amnesty, freedom from fear

ὁ ἀδολέσχης (n.)  chatterer

ἡ ἀέλλα (n.)           whirlwind

ἄζομαι (v.)             to stand in awe of

ἄημι (v.)                  to blow (of winds)

τὸ ἄθυρμα (n.)      toy

ἄθῳος (adj.)          scot free

αἰανής (adj.)          eternal

ὁ αἰγίπυρος (n.)   poplar

ὁ αἰγιαλός (n.)      shore

ἡ αἴγλη (n.)            light, radiance

ὁ αἰγυπιός (n.)      vulture

ἀΐδιος (adj.)           everlasting

ἡ αἴθρη (n.)           clear sky

αἴθω (v.)                to burn (intr.)

ὁ/ἡ αἴλουρος (n.)   cat

ἡ αἱμασιά (n.)       stone dyke

αἱμύλος (adj.)       wily

ἡ αἴξ, αἰγός (n.)    goat

ἀΐω (v.)                   to hear

ἀκάματος (adj.)    untiring

ἡ ἄκανθα (n.)        thorny plant

τὸ ἀκάτιον (n.)     small boat

ἀκηδέω (v.)           take no care for

ἀκήρατος (adj.)    pure

ὁ ἄκμων (n.)          anvil

ἀκονάω (v.)           to sharpen

ἀκοντίζω (v.)        to hurl a javelin

ἀκόρεστος (adj.)  insatiate

τὸ ἄκος (n.)            cure

ἀκραιφνής (adj.)  unmixed, pure

ἄκραντος (adj.)     unfulfilled, fruitless

ἄκρατος (adj.)       unmixed

ἡ ἀκρατεία (n.)     lack of self-control

ἀκριβής (adj.)       accurate, precise

ἀκριβῶς (adv.)     exactly

ἡ ἄλα (n.)               ray

ὁ ἀλαζών (n.)      quack, impostor

ἀλάομαι (v.)        to wander

ἀλαός (adj.)         blind

ὁ ἀλάστωρ (n.)   avenging spirit

ἀλέγω (v.)            to care for

ἀλεείνω (v.)         to avoid

τὸ ἄλειφαρ (n.)   oil

ἀλείφω (v.)          to anoint with oil

ὁ ἀλέκτωρ (n.)    cock

ἀλέξω (v.)             to ward off

ἀλέομαι (v.)         to avoid

τὸ ἄλευρον (n.)   wheat meal

ἀλέω (v.)               to grind

ὁ ἀλήτης (n.)        wanderer

ἅλις (adv.)            enough

ἀλιταίνω (v.)       to sin

ὁ/ἡ ἀλκυών (n.)  kingfisher

ἅλλομαι (v.)         to leap

ἄλλως (adv.)        in vain

ἁλουργής (adj.)   purple

ἡ ἄλοχος (n.)        wife

τὸ ἄλσος (n.)        grove

ἀλυσίω (v.)           to avoid

ἀλύω (v.)               to be distraught

τὰ ἄλφιτα (n. pl.)  barley

ἡ ἅλων (n.)           threshing floor

ἡ ἀλώπηξ (n.)      fox

ἀμαυρός (adj.)    dim

ἀμάω (v.)              to reap

ἀμβλύνω (v.)       to blunt

ἀμέλγω (v.)          to milk

ἀμέλει (adv.)        of course

ἀμενηνός (adj.)   fleeting

ἁμῆ γέ πῃ (adv.)  somehow or other

ἡ ἅμιλλα (n.)        rivalry

ἡ ἀμίς (n.)             chamber pot

ὁ ἄμμος (n.)          sand

ἀμός (adj.)            my

ἡ ἄμπελος (n.)     vine

ὁ ἄμπυξ (n.)         diadem, frontlet

ἡ ἄμπωτις (n.)     ebb (of tide)

ἄμυδις (adv.)       together

ἀμυδρός (adj.)     faint

ἀμύμων (adj.)      excellent

ἀμύσσω (v.)         to tear

ἀμφήκης (adj.)    two-edged

τὸ ἀμφίβληστρον (n.) net, large garment

ἀμφιέννυμι (v.)    to clothe

ἀμφιέπω (v.)        to look after, protect

ἀμφιλαφής (adj.) large

ὁ/ἡ ἀμφίπολος (n.)  attendant

ἀμφισβητέω (v.)   to dispute

ἡ ἀναβολή (n.)      delay

τὸ ἀνάθημα (n.)    offering

ἀναίνομαι (v.)       to reject

ἀνακρούομαι (v.) to back water (of ships)

ἀνακύπτω (v.) to pop up (esp. from  water)

ἀνανεύω (v.) (opp. ἐπινεύω)  to shake head, refuse

ἀνάρσιος (adj.)     hostile

ἡ ἀνατολή (n.)      rising (esp. of sun)

ἁνδάνω (v.)           to please

ὁ ἀνδριάς (n.)       statue

ἀνέδην (adv.)       freely, carelessly

ὁ ἀνεψιός (n.)      cousin

ἀνήκεστος (adj.)  incurable

ὁ ἄνθραξ (n.)        charcoal

ἡ ἀνία (n.)              grief, trouble

ἀνιαρός (adj.)      painful

ἀνιάω (v.)             to grieve

ἀνίημι (v.)             to let go, slacken, give up

ἄνιπτος  (adj.)     unwashed      

ἡ ἀνοκωχή (n.)    truce

ἀντιάζω (v.)         to meet, entreat

ἀντιβολέω (v.)     to meet, entreat

ἄντικρυς (adv.)    outright

ἀντίος (adj.)          adverse (in both senses)

ἀντίπαλος (adj.)  balancing

ἀντλέω (v.)           to bale out, endure to the end

ἄντομαι (v.)          to meet, entreat

ἡ ἄντυξ (n.)           chariot rail

ἀνύω (v.)               to accomplish, hurry

ἄνωγα (v. defect.)  to order

ἀνώμαλος (adj.)   uneven

ἀξιόω (v.)    1. to think worthy 2. to expect, demand 3. to be prepared

ὁ ἄξων (n.)             axle

ἁπαξάπας (adj.)    all together

ἀπαγορεύω (v.)    to forbid

ἀπάγχω (v.)           to throttle

ἀπᾴδω (v.)             to sing out of tune

ἡ ἀπαλλαγή (n.)   relief from

ἁπαλός (adj.)         soft, tender

αἱ ἀπαρχαί (n. pl.) first fruits

ἀπάρχομαι (v.)      to begin a sacrifice

ἀπαυδάω (v.)        to forbid

ἀπαυράω (v.)        to receive (good or ill) fortune, enjoy or suffer

ἀπειλέω (v.)           to threaten

ἀπειπεῖν (v.)          to give up (intr.)

ἀπειρόκαλος (adj.)  boorish

ἄπειρος (adj.)    1. inexperienced 2. boundless

ἡ ἀπήνη (n.)           chariot

ἀπηνής (adj.)         harsh, rough

ἀπίλητος (adj.)      insatiable

ἀποδέχομαι (v.)    to allow, accept, tolerate

τὰ ἄποινα (n. pl.)  ransom

ἀποκείρω (v.)       to cut off hair

ἀπολαύω (v.)    to have enjoyment of (+gen.)

ἀπολογέομαι (v.)  to speak in defence

ἀπόρρητος (adj.)  secret

ἀποτυγχάνω (v.)   to miss, fail (+gen.)

ἀποχράω (v.)        to be enough

ἀπρίξ (adv.)           tightly

ἀράομαι (v.)          to pray

ἀράσσω (v.)          to strike

ὁ ἀράχνης (n.)      spider

ἡ ἀρβύλη (n.)        boot

ἀργαλέος (adj.)    hard, painful

ἀργός (adj.)          1. white 2. idle (with ἀεργός)

ἄρδην (adv.)         1. on high 2. utterly

ἄρδω (v.)               to water

ἀρείων (adj. comp.) better

ἀρήγω (v.)             to help

ἄρθμιος (adj.)      joined, at peace with

τὸ ἄρθρον (n.)     joint

ἀρι- (prefix)         very

ἀριστάω (v.)        to breakfast

ἀριστεύω (v.)      to be best

ἡ ἄρκτος (n.)       bear

ἡ ἄρκυς (n.)         hunter’s net

ὁ ἀρνός (n.)         lamb

ἄρνυμαι (v.)        to gain

ἄρρητος (adj.)     secret

ἡ ἀρρωστία (n.)  weakness

ἄρσην (adj.)        male

ἀρτάω (v.)           to fasten, hang

ὁ ἄρτος (n.)         bread

ἀρτύω (v.)           to prepare

ἀρύω (v.)             to draw water

τὸ ἀρχεῖον (n.)   town hall

ἡ ἀρωγή (n.)        help

ἀρωγός (adj.)      helpful

αὐλίζομαι  (v.)     to encamp

ὁ αὐτοφόντης (n.)  murderer

ὁ ἄξων (n.)            axle

ἀσελγής (adj.)      wanton, brutal

ἀσθμαίνω (v.)      to pant

ὁ ἀσκός  (n.)         wineskin

ἀσπαίρω  (v.)       to pant, gasp

ἄσπετος  (adj.)     unspeakably vast, numerous

ἀστεῖος (adj.)     urbane, sophisticated

οἱ ἀστράγαλοι (n.) knuckle-bones

ἡ ἀστραπή  (n.)   lightning

ἀσχαλάω  (v.)      to be distressed

ἀσχημονέω (v.)   to behave badly

ἀτάσθαλος  (adj.)  wanton, presumptuous

ἀτελής (adj.)        1. imperfect

1. 2. immune (of taxes etc)

ἀτεχνῶς (adv.)    positively, simply

ὁ ἀτμός  (n.)        smoke

ἄτοπος (adj.)      strange

ἡ ἄτρακτος (n.)  spindle (rarely arrow)

ἡ ἀτραπός (n.)    path

ἀτρεκής  (adj.)   true

ἀτρέμας (adv.)   quietly, without motion

ἀτύζομαι  (v.)     to be bewildered

αὐαίνω  (v.)        to wither

αὐθαίρετος (adj.)  voluntary, self-imposed

ὁ αὐθέντης  (n.)   murderer

ἡ αὖλαξ or ὦλος (n.)  furrow

ἡ αὐλή  (n.)            courtyard

ὁ αὐλός  (n.)          flute, double pipe

ἡ αὐλών  (n.)        glen, dell

αὐλίζομαι  (v.)  to encamp

αὖος  (adj.)        dry

αὐτάρκης (adj.)   independent

ἀϋτέω  (v.)        to shout

ἡ ἀϋτμή  (n.)    breath

αὐτομολέω       to desert

αὐτοσχεδιάζω (v.) to speak extempore

ἐπ᾽ αὐτοφώρῳ (adv.) redhanded

αὔτως  (adv.)         in vain

αὐχέω  (v.)             to boast

αὐχμηρός (adj.)    dry

ὁ αὔχμος (n.)         drought

 

Β

βέβηλος (adj.)      profane

βλάξ (adj.)             stupid

βλαστάνω (v.)      to grow

βληχάομαι (v.)     to bleat

ὁ βόρβορος (n.)   mud

ἡ βοτάνη (n.)       pasture

ὁ βότρυς (n.)       cluster

ὁ βραβεύς (n.)     umpire

βρέμω (v.)             to roar

τὸ βρέτας (n.)      wooden image

τὸ βρέφος (n.)     babe

ὁ βρόχος (n.)        noose

βρύω (v.)               to be full, teem

τὸ βρῶμα, ἡ βρῶσις (n.)   food

ἡ βύρσα (n.)         skin, hide

 

Γ

ἡ γαλῆ (n.)            weasel

γαμψῶνυξ (adj.)  with crooked talons

ὁ γαῦλος (n.)        merchant ship

γεμίζω (v.)            to fill full

ἡ γένυς (n.)           jaw

γεραίρω (v.)         to honour

ὁ γέρανος (n.)      crane

γηθέω (v.)             rejoice

γλαφυρός (adj.)   hollow

γλίσχρος (adj.)     1. importunate 2. niggardly

γλύφω (v.)            to carve

γνήσιος (adj.)       genuine

ὁ/ἡ γνωσίφιλος (n.)  brother, sister

ὁ γόης (n.)             wizard, cheat

γοητεύω (v.)        to bewitch, cheat

ἡ γραμμή (n.)       line

τὸ γύαλον (n.)      hollow

 

Δ

δαιδάλεος (adj.)   cunningly wrought

δαΐζω (v.)               to cleave

ἡ δαΐς, δᾳδός (n.) torch

ἐν δαΐ (adv.)          in war

ἡ δαίς δαιτός (n.) feast

δαίω (v.)                to kindle

δαίτω (v.)              to devour

δακρυρροέω (v.) to cry

δαρόν (Ionic δηρόν) (adv.) for a long time

δασύς (adj.)          shaggy

δατέομαι (v.)       to divide

ἡ δείλη (n.)          evening

δεισιδαιμονέω (v.)  to be superstitious

δέρκομαι (v.)       to see

δεύω (v.)               to drench

ἡ διαθήκη (n.)     will, testament

διακναίω (v.)       to wear out

διακονέω (v.)       to serve (+dat.)

διαφέρω (v.)       to differ from, be superior to

δίζημαι (v.)           to seek

δινέω (v.)              to whirl round

δισσός (adj.)         double

ἡ διώρυξ (n.)        canal

δνοφερός (adj.)  dark

δονέω (v.)             to shake

ἡ δορκάς (n.)       gazelle, roedeer

ὁ δορυξένος (n.) ally

δουπέω (v.)         to fall with thud or clang

δρακέω (v.)         to see

δριμύς (adj.)        bitter, fierce

δύσκολος (adj.)   peevish

δυσφορέω (v.)     to take a dim view

 

Ε

ἐγγυάω (v.)           to give as pledge

ἐγγυάομαι (v.)      to promise (+inf.)

ἐγκαλέω (v.)          to charge, indict

ἔγκειμαι (v.)          to press hard on (+dat.)

τὸ ἔδαφος (n.)      foundation

τὸ ἔδνον (n.)         dowry

ἡ ἐδωδή (n.)          food

τὸ εἶδος (n.)          form

εἴλω (v.)                 to squeeze, keep in

ἡ εἰρεσία (n.)        rowing

ἐΐσκω (v.)              to liken

ἡ ἐκεχειρία (n.)     truce

ἔκηλος (adj.)          quiet

ὁ ἐλατήρ (n.)         driver

ἐλινύω (v.)             to rest

ὁ ἐμβάς (n.)           slipper

ἔμψυχος (adj.)      living

ἡ ἐντολή (n.)         command

ὁ ἔπαρχος (n.)       attendant

ἐπιεικῶς  (adv.)    fairly, pretty

ἔρδω (v.)                to do

ἐρεθίζω  (v.)          provoke, rouse

ἐρεμνός (adj.)       dark

ἐρέφω (v.)             to cover

ἐρητύω (v.)           to restrain

ἐρίζω (v.)               to quarrel

ἐριθαλλάς (adj.)   very fertile

τὸ ἔριον  (n.)         wool

τὸ ἕρμα  (n.)        1. support 2. sunken reef

τὸ ἕρμαιον (n.)     windfall

τὸ ἔρνος (n.)         young shoot

ἡ ἕρση (n.)             dew

τὸ ἔρυμα (n.)         bulwark

ἐρυμνός (adj.)       strong, fortified

ἐρύω (v.)                to drag

ἡ ἐσθής (n.)           clothing

ἐτεός (adj.)            true

εὐαγής (adj.)         1. lawful 2. bright

ἡ εὐδία (n.)            clear weather

εὖς (adj.)                 good

εὐτελής (adj.)        cheap

εὐτράπελος (adj.)  versatile, witty

ἡ εὐχέρεια (n.)     1. indifference to evil, licentiousness 2. indifference to danger, bravery

εὕω (v.)                   to singe

ἐφίεμαι (v.)            to desire

ὁ ἐχῖνος (n.)           hedgehog

 

Ζ

ζα- (prefix)             very

ζαῖος (adj.)             hostile

ἡ ζάλη (n.)              storm,surge

ζέω (v.)                   to boil

ὁ ζόφος (n.)           darkness, gloom

ἡ ζώνη (n.)             girdle

ὁ ζωστήρ (n.)        belt

 

Η

ὁ ἠΐθιος (n.)           bachelor

ἠλίθιος (adj.)         stupid

τὸ ἤλεκτρον (n.)   amber

ἡ ἥμερις (n.)           cultivated vine

ἡ ἠνορέη (n.)          manhood (epic for ἀνδρεία)

 

Θ

θαλερός (adj.)       sturdy

θαμέες (adj. pl.)    frequent

θάσσω (v.)             to sit

θείνω (v.)               to strike

τὸ θεῖον (n.)          brimstone

ὁ θεῖος (n.)            uncle

θεμέλιος (adj.)     of foundations

θλίβω (v.)              to rub

θολερός (adj.)      muddy, turbid

ὁ θρανίτης (n.)     rower on top bench

θραύω (v.)             to shatter

ὁ θριγκός (n.)       cornice

θροέω (v.)              to cry aloud

ἡ θρυαλλίς (n.)     wick

θρύπτομαι (v. mid.) to be coquettish, give oneself airs

ὁ θύλακος (n.)      branch

τὸ θυμίαμα (n.)    incense

ὁ θύρσος  (n.)       ivy-wreathed wand

ἡ θυρά (n.)             door

ὁ θύρων (n.)          hall

θωπεύω (v.)          to wheedle

θωύσσω (v.)         to cry out

 

Ι

ἰαύω (v.)                to pass the night

ἰάχω (v.)                to cry, resound

ἱδρόω (v.)              to sweat

τὸ ἵδρυμα (n.)      shrine

ἴλαρος (adj.)         cheerful

ἱλάσκομαι (v. dep.) to appease

ἡ ἴλη (n.)                 troop

ἰλιγγιάω (v.)          to be dizzy

ἰνδάλλομαι (v.)     to seem

αἱ ἶνες (n. pl.)         sinews

τὸ ἴον  (n.)              violet

ἰότητι  (n. dat.)      by the will of

ὁ ἴουλος (n.)           down on cheeks

ἡ ἴς (n.)                    strength

ἴσκω (v.)                 to liken

ἱστορέω (v.)          to enquire

τὸ ἱστός (n.)          mast, beam, loom

ἡ ἰσχάς (n.)             dried fig

ἰσχναίνομαι (v.)    to wither

ἰσχνός (adj.)           thin

ἰταμός (adj.)           headstrong

ἴφθιμος (adj.)         strong

ἶφι (adv.)                 by force

τὸ ἴχνος (n.)            track

 

Κ

ὁ κάλαμος (n.)        reed

ἡ καλιά (n.)             barn

ἡ κάλπις (n.)           pitcher

ἡ καλύβη (n.)          hut

τὸ κάλυμμα (n.)    veil

ἡ καλύξ (n.)            pod, bud

ὁ κάλως (n.)           cable

ἡ καμῖνος (n.)         oven

κάμπτω (v.)            to bend

καμπύλος (adj.)     bent

ἡ καναχή (n.)          clang

τὸ κάνεον (n.)        basket

ὁ κανών (n.)           ruler (for lines)

καπηλεύω (v.)       to sell retail

ὁ κάπρος (n.)         boar

καραδοκέω (v.)     to wait for outcome; to expect

τὸ κἀρηνον (n.)     head; peak

ὁ καρκίνος (n.)      crab

κεάζω (v.)               to split

κεντέω (v.)             to sting, prick

κεραΐζω (v.)            to plunder

ὁ κέραμος (n.)        pottery

ἡ κερκίς (n.)            shuttle

τὸ κεφάλαιον (n.)  main point

ὁ κηδεμών (n.)       guardian

ὁ κηδεστής (n.)      connection by marriage

κηλέω (v.)               to charm

ἡ κῆλις (n.)              stain

ὁ κῆπος (n.)            garden

τὸ κηρίον (n.)         honeycomb

τὸ κῆτος (n.)           whale

ὁ κηφήν (n.)           drone

ἡ κιβωτός (n.)        box

κιρνάω (v.)             to mix

ἡ κίστη (n.)             chest

κλάζω (v.)               to scream

κλάω (v.)                 to break

ἡ κλείς (n.)              key

ἡ κλεῖτυς (n.)         hillside

ἡ κλεψύδρα (n.)    water-clock

ὁ κλῆρος (n.)          lot; estate

κληρόω  (v.)           to allot; med. obtain

ἡ κλῖμαξ (n.)           ladder

ἡ κλισία (n.)          hut

κλονέω (v.)            to disturb

κλύζω (v.)              to wash (esp. of the sea)

ὁ κλών (n.)             twig

ὁ κναφεύς  (n.)     fuller

ἡ κνημίς (n.)          greave

ἡ κνίση  (n.)           fat; smell of fat

κνεφαῖος (adj.)      dark

κνυζέομαι (v.)        to whimper

τὸ κνώδαλον (n.)  beast

ἡ κοιλία (n.)          stomach

ὁ κολάξ (n.)           flatterer

τὸ κολεόν (n.)       sheath

κολλάω (v.)           to stick

κολούω (v.)           to curtail, humble

ὁ κολωνός (n.)      hill

κομάω (v.)             to grow hair long

ὁ κομήτης (n.)      long-haired one

ἡ κομιδή  (n.)        1. care 2. conveyance

κομιδῇ (adv.)         quite; altogether

κομιδῇ μὲν οὖν     just so; exactly

κομψός (adj.)        refined; clever

ὁ κοντός (n.)         pole

ὁ κόραξ (n.)           raven

ὁ κόρδαξ (n.)        name of an obscene dance

κορέννυμι (v.)       to satiate

ἡ κορύνη (n.)        club

ἡ κόρυς (n.)           helmet

ἡ κορώνη (n.)       crow

τὸ κόσκινον (n.)   sieve

τὸ κουρεῖον (n.)   barber’s shop

κραδαίνω (v.)       to shake

κραναός (adj.)      rugged

τὸ κράνος (n.)      helmet

τὸ κράσπεδον (n.)   edge

τὸ κρέας (n.)          meat

ὁ κρημνός (n.)      cliff

ἡ κρηπίς (n.)         foundation

τὸ κρίνον (n.)       lily

ὁ κριός (n.)            ram

ὁ κρόκος (n.)        saffron

τὸ κρόμμυον (n.) onion

κροτέω (v.)           to clap

τά κτήνεα (n.)      flocks and herds

ὁ κύαμος (n.)        bean, lot

κυέω, κύω (v.)     to be pregnant

ὁ κύκνος (n.)         swan

κυλίνδομαι (v.)    to roll

ἡ κύλιξ (n.)            cup

κυμαίνω (v.)         to swell, seethe

ὁ κυναγός (n.)      hunter

ἡ κύνη  (n.)            helmet

κυνέω (v.)              to kiss

κύπτω (v.)             to stoop

τὸ κύρμα (n.)        spoils

τό κῦρος (n.)        power

ὁ κώδων (n.)         bell

τὸ κώνειον (n.)    hemlock

 

 

Λ

τὸ λαγωβόλον (n.)   staff (orig. for throwing at hares)

αἱ λαγόνες (n. pl.)   flanks

ὁ λαγώς (n.)             hare

λάζομαι (v. dep.)     to seize

ἡ λαῖλαψ (n.)            storm

ὁ λαιμός (n.)             throat

τὸ λαῖφος (n.)          sail

ἡ λαλία (n.)               chatter

λάλος (adj.)              chattering

λάξ (adv.)                  with the foot

ἡ λάρναξ (n.)           chest, coffin

λάσιος (adj.)            shaggy

τὰ λάφυρα (n. pl.) spoils

τὰ λάχανα (n. pl.)  vegetables

τὸ λάχος (n.)           lot

ἡ λεία (ν.)                booty

λειαίνω (v.)             to smooth

λεῖος (adj.)              smooth

τὸ λείψανον (n.)    remnant

λελιημένος (part.) eager

τὸ λέπαδνον           yoke strap

λεπταλέος  (adj.)   wretched

λευγαλέος (adj.)    wretched

λευρός (adj.)           smooth

λῄζομαι (v. dep.)   to carry off

ἡ ληΐς (n.)                booty

τὸ λῆμα (n.)            spirit, mettle

ὁ ληκύθος (n.)        oil flask

ὁ λιβανωτός (n.)   frankincense

ἡ λιγνύς (n.)           smoky flame

λιλαίομαι (v.)        to long for

τὸ λίνον (n.)          thread

λιπαρής (adj.)       importunate

λίσσομαι (v.)         to pray, beseech

λίχνος (adj.)          greedy

οἱ λογάδες (n. pl.) picked men

ἡ λόγχη  (n.)          spear, troop

ἡ λοιβή (n.)           libation

λοξόν (adv.)          askance

λοχεύω (v.)           to bear a child

λόχιος (adj.)         of childbearing

λυγρός (adj.)        mournful

λυμαίνομαι (v.)    to mistreat

λυπηρός (adj.)      distressing

τὰ λύτρα (n. pl.)  ransom

ὁ λύχνος (n.)         lamp

λωβάομαι (v.)      to outrage

ὁ λωποδύτης (n.) footpad

 

Μ

ὁ μάγειρος (n.)     cook, butcher

μαίομαι (v.)           to seek for

μαραίνομαι (v.)    to decay

μάρπτω (v.)           to seize

μάρναμαι (v.dep.) to fight

μάσσω (v.)             to knead

μάσσων (adj.)       longer

ἡ μασχάλη (n.)      armpit

μάταιος (adj.)        foolish, vain

μάχομαι (v.)           to fight

μάψ (adv.)              in vain

μεγαίρω (v.)          to grudge

ὁ μεδέων (n.)         ruler

οἱ μέδοντες (n. pl.)   leaders

μεθύσκω (v.)         to intoxicate

μεθύω (v.)              to be intoxicated

μειλίσσω (v.)         to appease

μείλιχος (adj.)       gentle

τὸ μειράκιον (n.)  boy, lad, teenager

μελεός  (adj)          wretched

μελετάω (v.)          to practise

ἡ μέλισσα  (n.)      bee

ἡ μελέτη (n.)         practice

τὸ μέλος  (n.)        1. limb 2. melody

μενοεικής (adj.)    to one’s taste

μενοινάω (v.)        to desire eagerly

ἡ μέριμνα (n.)        care

μερμηρίζω (v.)      to be anxious

μέροψ  (adj.)         human

μετάρσιος (adj.)   in midair

τὸ μῆδος (n.)         device

μηκάζω (v.)           to bleat

μηκάς (adj.)           bleating

μήκιστος (adj.)     longest

ἡ μήκων (n.)          poppy

τὸ μῆλον (n.)         1. sheep 2. apple

ἡ μῆτις (n.)            cunning

ἡ μητρυιά (n.)       step-mother

μιαίφονος (adj.)   bloodguilty

μιαρός (adj.)          foul      

τὸ μίασμα (n.)      pollution

μιλτοπάρῃος (adj.)  red-cheeked

μίνυνθα (adv.)     for a short time

μιστύλλω (v.)       to chop up small

μογερός (adj.)      wretched

ὁ μόλυβδος (n.)    lead

μολύνω (v.)           to defile

ἡ μονή (n.)             stay

μόνιμος (adj.)       stable

μόρσιμος  (adj.)    fated

ὁ μόσχος (n.)         calf

ὁ μοχλός (n.)         lever

ὁ μύδρος (n.)        lump of metal

ὁ μυελός (n.)         marrow

μυέομαι  (v.)         to be initiated

ἡ μυῖα (n.)             fly

μυκάομαι (v.)       to bellow

ὁ μυκτήρ (n.)       nostril

ἡ μύλη (n.)            mill

μυνδάω (v.)          to be dank

ἡ μυρίκη (n.)        tamarisk

ὁ μύρμηξ (n.)        ant

ἡ μυρσίνη (n.)      myrtle

μύρομαι (v.)          to weep

ὁ μῦς  (n.)              mouse

μυσαρός (adj.)     loathsome

μύχιος (adj).         inmost

μύω (v.)                 to shut eyes or mouth

ὁ μύωψ (n.)          gadfly

 

N

τὸ νᾶμα (n.)          stream

ὁ νάρθηξ  (n.)       reed

ναρκάω (v.)          to be numb

ὁ ναῦλος (n.)        passage money, fare

νείατος (adj.)       lowest; outermost

νειός  (adj.)          fallow

νείφει  (v.)            it snows

νέομαι  (v.)           to come or go

ὁ νεοσσός (n.)     chick

ἡ νευρά (n.)         string

τὸ νεῦρον (n.)     tendon

νεύω (v.)               to nod

οἱ νεφροί (n. pl.)      kidneys

νέω (v.)   1. to swim 2. to spin 3. to pile up

τὸ νεώριον (n.)    dock

ἡ νηδύς  (n.)          belly

νηλής (adj.)           pitiless

νημερτής (adj.)    true

ἡ νηνεμία  (n.)      calm

ἡ νήστις (n.)         fasting

ἡ νῆττα (n.)          duck

νήφω (v.)              to be sober

νήχω (v.)               to swim

νίζω (v.)                 to wash

νίσσομαι (v.)         to come or go

τὸ νιφάς (n.)         snowflake

ὁ νόθος (n.)           bastard; bogus

ὁ νόμος (n.)           law; tune

ὁ νομός (n.)           pasture; field

ἡ νομή  (n.)            pasturage

νομίζεται (v. impers.) it is the custom

νόσφι (adv.)         apart

νοτερός  (adj.)     wet

ὁ νότος (n.)           south wind

ἡ νυκτερίς (n.)     bat

νύσσω (v.)            to prick

νυστάζω  (v.)       to be sleepy

νωθής (adj.)         sluggish

 

Ξ

ξαίνω (v.)             to card wool

ξεστός (adj.)        planed

ξέω (v.)                 to scrape, plane

ξηρός (adj.)         dry

τὸ ξόανον (n.)     wooden image

ξουθός (adj.)       chirruping

ξυρέω (v.)            to shave

τὸ ξυρόν (n.)       razor

ἡ ξύστις (n.)        long robe

 

Ο

ἡ ὀδύνη (n.)         pain

ὀλισθάνω (v.)     to slip

ὀνίνημι (v.)          to help, enjoy (+gen.)

ἡ ὄψις (n.)            vision

ἡ ὀρρωδία (n.)    fear

ὄθομαι (v. dep.)  to have a care for

ἡ ὀϊζύς (n.)           misery

οἰκεῖος (adj.)       domestic, one’s own

ἡ οἰκουμένη (n.) the civilized world

οἰκτείρω (v.)       to pity

οἶος (adj.)             alone

ὁ ὀϊστός (n.)        arrow

ὁ οἶστρος (n.)      gadfly

ὀκριόεις (adj.)     rough, rugged

ἡ ὁλκάς (n.)         merchant ship

ὁ ὅλκος (n.)         machine for dragging, mark, furrow

ὀλοός (adj.)         destructive, deadly

ὀμβρέω (v.)         to rain

ὁ ὅμηρος (n.)      hostage

ὁ ὅμιλος (n.)       assembly, crowd

ὁμοιόω (v.)         to make like, pass for

ὀμόργνυμι (v.)    to wipe away

ὁμός (adj.)           one and the same, common, shared

ὁμόσπορος (adj.)  sprung from same parents

ὁ ὀμφαλός (n.)   navel; knob; middle

ἡ ὀμφή (n.)         god’s voice, prophecy

τὸ ὄνειαρ (n.)     profit, advantage

ὁ ὄνος (n.)          donkey

ὀπάζω (v.)          to make to accompany, grant

ὀπτάω (v.)          to cook

ὀπτός (adj.)        cooked

ἡ ὀργυιά (n.)      six feet, fathom

ὀρθόω (v.)          to set upright, build

ὁρίζω (v.)            to mark by boundary, define

ὀρίνω (v.)            to stir up

ὁρμαίνω (v.)       to ponder, equal to

ὁρμάω (v.)          to get moving, hurry

ὁρμέω (v.)          to lie at anchor

ἡ ὁρμή (n.)         impetus, first impulse of movement

ὁ ὅρμος (n.)        chain, necklace; anchorage

ὄρνυμι (v.)           to stir up

ὀροθύνω (v.)      rouse

ὀρούω (v.)           to rush

ἡ ὀροφή (n.)       roof

ὀρύσσω (v.)        to dig

ἡ ὀσμή (n.)          smell

ὀσφραίνομαι (v. dep.) to smell

ἡ ὀσφύς (n.)        loin

ἡ οὐλή (n.)           scar

ἡ οὐρά (n.)           tail

ὁ οὖρος (n.)         fair wind (adj. οὔριος)

τὸ οὖς, ὠτός (n.) ear

οὐτάω (v.)           to strike

τὸ ὄφελος (n.)    gain, use, advantage

ὁ ὄφις (n.)           snake

ἡ ὀφρύς (n.)       eyebrow

ὀχέω (v.)             to bear, carry (pass. to ride)

τὸ ὄχημα (n.)      car, carriage

ὀχυρός (adj.)      firm, secure

ὀψέ (adv.)           late

ἡ ὄψις (n.)           vision

τὸ ὄψον (n.)       cooked food, dainties

 

Π

τὸ παιγνίον (n.)    plaything

ἡ παιδεία (n.)        education, culture

παίζω (v.)               to play, jest

παιπαλόεις (adj.)  craggy, rugged

ἡ παλάμη (n.)         palm of the hand

παλάσσω (v.)   to stain, scatter, shake lots

πάλλω (v.)              to brandish, shake lots

παλύνω (v.)            to strew upon

πανδημεί (adv.)    with everybody, en masse

ὁ πανοῦργος (n.)     villain

πανύστατος (adj.)   last of all

παραβαίνω (v.)        transgress

ἡ παραγγελία (n.)   order passed in battle

τὸ παράδειγμα (n.) pattern, example

ὁ παράκλητος (n.)   advocate

παραλλάσσω (v.)    to change, alternate, pass by

παραλογίζομαι (v. dep.) to miscalculate, defraud

παράλογος (adj.)    unexpected

παραλός (adj.)        by the sea

παράσημος (adj.)   counterfeit, bogus

παραχρῆμα (adv.)  forthwith

ἡ παρειά (n.)            cheek

παρείκω (v.)            to yield, allow

τὸ πάρεργον (n.)    matter of secondary importance, bye-work

παρηγορέω (v.)      to address, exhort, comfort

ἡ παρρησία (n.)     free speech

πάσσω (v.)              to sprinkle, strew

πατάσσω (v.)         to knock

πατέομαι (v. dep.) to feed on

πατέω (v.)              to tread, walk

ἡ πάχνη (n.)           hoar-frost

πεδάω (v.)              to fetter

πεινάω (v.)             to hunger

τὸ πεῖραρ (n.)        end, extreme point

πείρω (v.)               to pierce, put on spit

ὁ πελάτης (n.)       neighbor

πέλω (v.)                to be

ὁ πενθερός (n.)     father-in-law

πένομαι (v. dep.)  to be poor, prepare busily

τὸ πέρας (n.)          end

πέρθω (v.)              to destroy, sack

περιβόητος (adj.) notorious

περιέπω (v.)          to tend diligently, serve, honour

περιοράω (v.)       to overlook, neglect, disregard

ἡ περιουσία (n.)   surplus, abundance

ἡ περιπέτεια (n.)  sudden reversal of fortunes

περισσεύω (v.)     to be more than enough

περιστέλλω (v.)   to dress, wrap up, take care of

ὁ πεσσός (n.)        draughts counter

πέσσω (v.)             to cook, make soft

πετάννυμι (v.)      to spread out

πετηνός (adj.)      winged

πέτομαι (v. dep.)  to fly

ἡ πεύκη (n.)          fir-tree, torch

ἡ πηγή (n.)            spring of water

τὸ πηδάλιον (n.)  rudder

πηδάω (v.)            to jump

πιέζω (v.)              to squeeze, oppress

πιθανός  (adj.)     persuasive, credible, easily persuaded

ὁ πίθος (n.)           jar, cask, jug

πίμπλημι (v.)       to fill

πίμπρημι (v.)       to burn

ὁ πίναξ (n.)           plank, tablet, no. bo

ὁ πίνος (n.)           dirt

πιπράσκω (v.)     to sell

πλάγιος (adj.)      oblique, flanking, sloping

πλάζω (v.)           to make to wander, err

πλανάω (v.)        to make to wander, err

πλάσσω (v.)         to mould, fabricate, make up

τὸ πλέθρον (n.)   acre

πλέκω  (v.)           to twist, plait

πλεονάζω (v.)      to go beyond reasonable bounds

πλεονεκτέω (v.)  to be greedy, have advantage

πλήσσω (v.)         to strike

ὁ πλίνθος (n.)      brick, tile

ὁ πλόκαμος (n.)  lock of hair, curl

πλύνω  (v.)           to wash

πνίγω (v.)             to stifle, throttle

ποθεινός (adj.)    longed for

ἡ ποινή (n.)           quit-money, redemption, satisfaction

ὁ πολός  (n.)        axis, sky, orbit

πολυπραγμονέω (v.)  be busy, meddlesome

πορίζω (v.)           supply, furnish, get

ἡ πορνεία (n.)      adultery

ὁ πόρος (n.)          strait, passage, way, means

ὁ πόσις  (n.)          husband

ἡ πόσις  (n.)          drinking

ὁ πότμος (n.)        fate, destiny, mishap

πρᾶος (adj.)         mild, gentle, soft

ἡ πρᾶσις (n.)        sale

πραΰνω  (v.)         to make soft, comfort

πρηνής (adj.)        headfirst, prone

πρίω (v.)                to saw, cut up

ἡ προαίρεσις (n.) preference, political party

τὸ προβούλευμα (n.) motion, bill

τὸ πρόβλημα (n.) anything jutting out, fence, screen, defence, excuse

ὁ πρόξενος (n.)    agent for foreign state

προπετής (adj.)    falling, prone, ready to, random

προσηγορέω (v.)  to address, call by name

ἡ πρόσοδος (n.)    approach, revenue, income

προσποιέω (v.)     to pretend, simulate, claim

πρόσφορος (adj.) useful, suitable, fitting

τὸ πρόσχημα (n.)  screen, pretext, alleged reason, outward show, ornament

οἱ πρότονοι (n.)    forestays of ship’s mast

ἡ πρόφασις (n.)    pretext, excuse

πρώην (adv.)         recently, day before yesterday

πρώϊ  (adv.)          early

πτήσσω (v.)          to cower for fear

πτύσσω (v.)          to fold

πτύω (v.)               to spit

τὸ πτῶμα / ἡ πτῶσις (n.) falling, fall

ὁ πυθμήν (n.)        bottom, foundation

περισσός (adj.)     excessive

πημαίνω (v.)          to hurt

ἡ πλευρά (n.)         rib

πρόρριζος (adj.)   root and branch, utterly

προσκυνέω (v.)     to worship, kowtow

ὁ προστάτης (n.)   leader, champion

ὁ προστρόπαιος (n.) attendant

πρὸς ταῦτα (adv.)  therefore

πτύσσομαι (v. mid.) to ponder

ὁ πτωχός (n.)        beggar

ἡ πυγμή (n.)          fist

πύξ  (adv.)             with clenched fist

ὁ πυρός (n.)          wheat

ὁ πωγών  (n.)       beard

πωλέομαι  or πωλέσχομαι (v.)    to frequent, spend time in a place

  

Ρ

ἡ ῥαχία (n.)     1. flood tide 2. beach

ὁ ῥάβδος (n.)  rod

ῥαίω (v.)           to break

τὸ ῥάκος (n.)   rag, tatters

ῥάπτω (v.)       to sew, stitch

ἡ ῥάχις (n.)       backbone

ῥέζω (v.)           to do, accomplish

ῥέπω  (v.)         to sink in the scales,

τὸ ῥῆγος (n.)   rug, blanket

ῥιγέω (v.)         to shiver with cold or fear

τὸ ῥῖγος (n.)    cold

ἡ ῥίζα (n.)        root

ὁ ῥινός (n.)      skin, hide

ἡ ῥιπή  (n.)      impetus of being thrown, rush, whoosh, buzz, quiver

ἡ ῥίς, ῥινός (n.)   nose

ὁ ῥόθος (n.)     rushing noise, dash of waves

ἡ ῥοπή  (n.)      turn of the scales, critical moment

ἡ ῥύμη (n.)       impetus

τὸ ῥύσιον (n.)  that which is seized as surety, reprisal or surety

ἡ ῥώμη (n.)      strength

ῥώννυμι (v.)     to strengthen (pass. to be strong)

 

 

Σ

σαθρός (adj.)       rotten, decayed, unsound

τὸ σάκος (n.)       shield

σαλεύω (v.)          to rock, toss

ὁ σάλος (n.)          swell of the sea

ἡ σανίς (n.)           plank, deck, tablet, door

σαπρός (adj.)       rotten, putrid

σάττω (v.)            to load (perf. pass. σεσαγμένος: loaded, stuffed)

τὸ σέβας (n.)       awe, worship

ἡ σειρή (n.)          rope, cord

σείω (v.)               to shake

τὸ σέλμα (n.)      deck (pl. τὰ σέλματα: rowing benches)

σεμνός (adj.)       august, revered

σεύω (v.)              to make move fast

  (mid. to dart)

σκαιός (adj.)        left, clumsy

τὸ σκάφος (n.)    boat

σκύθρωπος (adj.) sullen

σπάω (v.)              to drag

στερέω (v.)          to deprive

συναίνεω (v.)      to agree with (+dat.)

ἡ σκευή (n.)         equipment, dress, rig, attire

τὸ σκεῦος (n.)     vessel, equipment

τὰ σκεύη (n. pl.) gear, tackle, baggage, utensils

σκήπτω (v.)        to prop, lean, shoot

σκήπτομαι (v. mid.) to put forward as excuse, pretend

σκιρτάω (v.)      to leap about, be unmanageable

σκολιός (adj.)    curved, crooked, dishonest

ἡ σκοπιά (n.)      look-out place, high rock

ὁ σκοπός (n.)     watcher, spy, mark, target

ὁ σκύλαξ (n.)      puppy, dog

τὸ σκῦλον (n.)   spoils stripped from foe

ὁ σκύμνος (n.)    whelp, cub

ἡ σκυτάλη (n.)    Spartan dispatch-stick

τὸ σκύτος (n.)     hide, whip

ὁ σκυτοτόμος (n.) shoemaker

ὁ/τὸ σκύφος (n.) cup

ὁ σκώληξ (n.)        worm

τὸ σκῶμμα (n.)     jest, gibe

σκώπτω (v.)          to mock (someone)

ὁ σμάραγδος (n.) emerald

τὸ σμῆνος (n.)       swarm

ἡ σμῖλαξ (n.)          bindweed, convolvulus

ἡ σμίλη (n.)            pruning-knife

ἡ σμύρνα  (n.)       myrrh

σμύχομαι  (v.)       to smoulder

σοβαρός (adj.)      swaggering

ὁ σορός (n.)           urn, oar, funerary

σπανίζω (v.)   1. be scarce 2. lack (+gen)

σπάνιος  (adj.)      rare, seldom

σπαργάω (v.)        to be full, swell

τὸ σπάρτον (n.)    rope

τὸ σπέος (n.)         cave

σπέρχω (v.)           to hasten

τὸ σπήλαιον (n.)   cave

ὁ σπινθήρ (n.)       spark

σποδέω (v.)           to beat

σπάζω (v.)             to drop (something)

ἡ στάθμη (n.)        carpenter’s rule

ὁ σταθμός (n.)      1. shelter, stall 2. post, pillar

ὁ σταλαγμός (n.)  dripping, drip

ὁ στάμνος (n.)       jar for wine

ὁ στατήρ  (n.)        stater(gold coin)

ὁ σταυρός  (n.)      stake, cross

ἡ σταφυλή  (n.)     bunch of grapes

ὁ στάχυς (n.)          ear of corn

στεγανός (adj.)      covering, covered

στεγάζω (v.)           to tread

τὸ στέγος/τὰ στέγη (n./pl.) roof

στερεός, στερρός (adj.) hard, solid, stiff

ἡ στεροπή (n.)        lightning

στηρίζω (v.)            to fix

στιβαρός (adj.)       strong

ἡ στιβάς (n.)            mattress

ἡ στίβος (n.)            path

στίλβω (v.)              to gleam

στίζω  (v.)                to prick, brand

τὸ στίφος (n.)         mass of men

οἱ στίχες (n.)           ranks of men

ὁ στίχος (n.)            rank

ὁ στοῖχος (n.)          row

τὸ στοιχεῖον (n.)    element

ἡ στολή (n.)             dress

ὁ στόλος (n.)           expedition

στοχάζομαι (v.)      to aim at (+gen.)

στρεβλόω (v.)         torture

στροβέω (v.)           spin

στρογγύλος (adj.)  round(ed)

ὁ στρουθός (n.)       sparrow

ὁ στῦλος (n.)            pillar

στυφελός/στύφλος (adj.) hard

στωμύλλω (v.)         to chatter, babble

ὁ συγγραφεύς (n.)   historian

σύγκειμαι (v.)      to be composed of (+ἐξ)

συγκεκροτημένος (adj.) well-trained, disciplined

ἡ συκέα (n.)             fig tree

τὸ σῦκον (n.)           fig

συλάω (v.)               to plunder

συλλαμβάνω (v.)   1. to arrest 2. to take part with, help (+dat.)

συλλογίζομαι (v. dep.) to conclude, infer

ὁ σύλλογος (n.)     assembly

συμβάλλω (v.)      1. to compare 2. to conclude, engage 3. to make a covenant

τὰ συμβόλαια (n. pl.) token, covenant

τὸ σύμβολον (n.)    token

ὁ σύμβουλος  (n.)   counsellor

ἡ συμμορία (n.)     symmory, tax-group

ὁ σύναιμος (n.)      brother, sister

συναινέω (v.)         to agree with (+dat.)

συνάπτειν μάχην (v. phr.) to join battle

ὁ σύνδικος (n.)       advocate

συνείρω (v.)            to string together

ἡ σύνεσις (n.)          intelligence

συνετός (adj.)         intelligent

συνεχής (adj.)         continuous

ὁ συνήγορος (n.)   advocate

συνήθης (adj.)       customary, accustomed

ὁ σύναορος (n.)     husband or wife

συνηρεφής (adj.)  shaded

ἡ συνθήκη (n.)      agreement

συνίημι (v.)            to understand

συντείνω (v.)         to direct one’s powers towards (+εἰς, ἐπί, πρός + acc.)

σύντομος (adj.)     short

σύντονος (adj.)     eager, impetuous

συντρίβω (v.)        to shatter

ἡ συνωμοσία (n.)  conspiracy

ἡ συνωρίς (n.)        pair

ἡ σύριγξ (n.)           pipe

ὁ συρφετός (n.)     rabble

σύρω (v.)                 to drag

τὸ συσσίτιον (n.)  mess (communal eating place)

συσταδόν (adv.)    hand to hand

συστρέφομαι (v. mid.) to rally (intr.)

συχνός (adj.)           much, frequent

τὸ σφάγιον (n.)      victim

σφαλερός (adj.)     slippery, tottering

ἡ σφενδόνη (n.)    1. sling 2. hoop of a ring

σφετερίζω (v.)       to appropriate (often mid.)

ὁ σφήν (n.)             wedge

ὁ σφήξ (n.)             wasp

σφίγγω (v.)            to bind

ἡ σφραγίς (n.)       seal (for documents)

σφριγάω (v.)         to be vigorous

ἡ σφῦρα (n.)          hammer

τὸ σφυρόν (n.)      ankle

ἡ σχεδία (n.)          raft

σχέτλιος (adj.)      cruel, wretched

τὸ σχῆμα (n.)         shape, form

τὸ σχοινίον (n.)     rope

ὁ σχοῖνος (n.)        rush, reed

σχολῇ (adv.)          scarcely

ὁ σωρός (n.)           heap

 

Τ

ὁ ταγός (n.)            ruler

ἡ ταινία (n.)           headband (sign of victory)

τὰ τάλαντα (n. pl.) scales

ὁ τάλαρος (n.)       basket

ἡ ταλασία (n.)       wool-spinning

ταν- (pref.)             long, stretched

τᾶν (interj.)            my good friend (voc.)

τανύπεπλος (adj.) long-robed

τανυήκης (adj.)    with long point

ταπεινός (adj.)      low

ὁ τάπης (n.)           rug

ταρβέω (v.)           to be frightened

ταριχεύω (v.)        to embalm, pickle

ὁ τάριχος (n.)        dried fish

ὁ ταρσός (n.)          basket

ταρφύς (adj.)         thick

ἡ τάφρος (n.)         ditch

ὁ ταώς (n.)              peacock

τέγγω  (v.)              to wet

τέθηπα (v. perf.)   to be astonished

τείρω (v.)                to wear out

τεκταίνομαι (v.)    to make, devise

ὁ τελαμών (n.)       strap

αἱ τελεταί  (n.)       mystery rites

τελέω (v.)   1. to initiate 2. to pay(taxes)     3. to be listed among

ὁ τελώνης (n.)       tax collector

τὸ τέμαχος (n.)      slice of salt fish

τὸ τέμενος (n.)      king or god’s domain

τὸ τέναγος (n.)      shallow water

τὰ τέρεμνα /τέραμνα (n. pl.)  room

τέρην, -εινα, -εν (adj.)   smooth, delicate

τετραίνω (v.)         to bore through

ἡ τέττιγξ (n.)          grasshopper

ἡ τευθίς (n.)           cuttle fish

τὸ τεῦτλον (n.)      beetroot

τὸ τεῦχος (n.)       vessel; pl. arms

τεύχω (v.)              to make, craft

ἡ τέφρα  (n.)         ashes

ἡ τήθη  (n.)            grandmother

τηλικοῦτος (adj.) so old, so great

τῆμος  (adv.)         then

τὴν ἄλλως (adv. phr.) in vain

τηνός (pron.)  =   (ἐ)κεῖνος

τηρέω (v.)             to watch

τητάομαι (v.)       to be in want

τῆτες (adv.)          this year

τιθασεύω (v.)      to tame

τιθασός (adj.)      tame

ἡ τιθήνη  (n.)       nurse

τίλλω (v.)             to shred

τιμαλφέω (v.)     to honour

τὸ τίμημα (n.)     1. fine 2. wealth

ἡ τιμωρία (n.)     1. help 2. vengeance

τινάσσω (v.)        to brandish

τίνυμαι  (v.)         to punish

τίνω (v.)               to pay

τίνομαι  (v.)         to take vengeance for

τιτρώσκω (v.)     to wound

τμητός (adj.)       cut, severed

ὁ τοιχωρύχος (n.) burglar

ὁ τόκος (n.)          interest

τοπάζω  (v.)         to guess

τορός (adj.)          clear

τρανής (adj.)        clear

ἡ τράπεζα (n.)      bank, table

τράχηλος (n.)       neck

αἱ τριβαί (n. pl.)  delays

ἡ τρίβος (n.)         path

ὁ τρίβων (n.)        coarse cloak

τρυγάω (v.)          to gather in fruit

ἡ τρύξ (n.)             dregs of wine

τὸ τρύπανον (n.) borer, auger

τρυπάω (v.)         to bore

ἡ τρυτάνη (n.)     balance

τρυφάω (v.)         to live softly

τρυφερός (adj.)   effeminate

ἡ τρυφή (n.)       softness

τὸ τρῦχος (n.)    tattered garment

τρύχω  (v.)          to wear out

τρώγω  (v.)         to eat

τυννοῦτος (adj.)  so small

ὁ τύπος (n.)         form

ὁ τυρός (n.)         cheese

τυτθός (adj.)       small

τετύφωμαι (v.)  to be silly (lit. be in a fog)

 

Υ

ὁ ὕαλος (n.)           crystal

ὑγρός (adj.)           1. wet 2. supple

ὑλακτέω (v.)         to bark

ἡ ὕλη (n.)               wood, forest

ὑμνέω (v.)  1. to praise 2. to say over again

ὑπαίθριος (adj.)   in the open air

ὕπατος (adj.)         highest (later, consul)

ἡ ὑπερβολή (n.)     excess

ὑπερήφανος (adj.)  arrogant

ὑπέροχος (adj.)        eminent

ὑπέρογκος (adj.)     vast

τὸ ὑπερῷον (n.)      upper story

ὑπεύθυνος (adj.)     responsible, accountable

ἡ ὑπηρεσία (n.)       ship’s crew

ὁ ὑπηρέτης (n.)       servant

ὕπουλος (adj.)         festering underneath

ὑπουργέω (v.)         to serve, help (+dat.)

ὕπτιος (adj.)            flat on one’s back

ὑστερέω (v.)            to come too late, fall short of (+gen.)

ὑφαίνω (v.)              to weave

ὕει (v. impers.)        it is raining

 

Φ

φαίδιμος (adj.)     glorious

φαιδρός (adj.)      bright

ὁ φακός (n.)          lentil

φαλακρός (adj.)   bald

φᾶνος (adj.)          bright

τὸ φᾶρος (n.)       robe, blanket

ἡ φάσις (n.)          information (esp. legal)

ἡ φάτνη (n.)         manger

τὸ φέγγος (n.)     ray of light

τὸ φθέγμα (n.)    voice

φθίνω (v.)            to waste away, die

φίτυω (v.)            to beget

φέρβω (v.)            to feed

ἡ φέρνη (n.)         dowry

φέρτατος (adj.)  best

φηλόω (v.)           to cheat, deceive

τὸ φθέγμα (n.)    voice

φθίνω (v.)            waste away, die

ὁ φθόγγος (n.)    voice

ἡ φιάλη (n.)         bowl

τὸ φίλημα (n.)    kiss

ὁ φιλήτης (n.)     thief

φιλονικέω (v.)    to be contentious

τὸ φίλτρον (n.)   love charm, spell

φιτύω (v.)            to beget, plant

φλαῦρος (adj.)    paltry

φλεγέθω (v.)       to blaze

ἡ φλέψ (n.)          vein

φλυαρέω (v.)      to talk nonsense

ἡ φόβη (n.)          lock of hair, foliage

ὁ φοίνιξ (n.)        crimson

φοιτάω (v.)         to visit, frequent (+εἰς)

ἡ φορβή (n.)        pasture, fodder

ἡ φόρμιγξ (n.)     lyre

ὁ φόρος (n.)        tribute

τὸ φορτίον (n.)   load

φράζομαι (v.)      to be fenced in, blocked

φράσσω (v.)        to hedge round, fortify

ἡ φρατρία (n.)    clan, brotherhood

τὸ φρέαρ (n.)      well

φρενόω (v.)         to make wise, instruct

ἡ φρίκη (n.)         shuddering

φρίσσω (v.)         to shudder at (+acc. of object feared)

φροῦδος (adj.)    gone, fled, departed

ἡ φρουρά (n.)     guard, garrison

τὸ φρύγανον (n.) firewood

φρύγω (v.)            to roast

τὸ φῦκος (n.)       seaweed

ἡ φυλή (n.)           tribe

τὸ φύλλον (n.)     leaf

ἡ φύλοπις (n.)     battle cry, din of battle

φυσάω (v.)           to blow

φυτάλμιος (adj.) producing, nourishing

τὸ φυτόν (n.)       plant

φωράω (v.)          to search (esp. for a thief)

 

Χ

ὁ χαλινός (n.)      bridle, bit

ἡ χλιδή (n.)          luxury

ἡ χοή (n.)             liquid offering

χάζομαι (v. dep.) to withdraw, retire

ἡ χαίτη (n.)         hair

ἡ χάλαζα (n.)      hail

χαλαρός (adj.)    loose

χαλάω (v.)          to slacken

ὁ χαλινός (n.)     bit, bridle

χαμαί (adv.)       on the ground

χανδάνω (v.)     to hold, contain

ἡ χαράδρα (n.)  torrent, gully

ὁ χάραξ (n.)        stake

χαράσσω (v.)     to whet, sharpen

ἡ χάρμη (n.)        joy of battle, battle

χαρτός (adj.)       welcome

χάσκω (v.)           to gape

χατέω/χατίζω (v.) to need, want

χαῦνος (adj.)       empty, frivolous

τὸ χεῖλος (n.)      lip

χειροτονέω (v.)  to vote

χειρόω (v.)         to tame, subdue

ἡ χελιδών (n.)    swallow

ἡ χέλυς (n.)         tortoise, lyre

ἡ χελώνη (n.)     tortoise

ἡ χέρνιψ (n.)      holy water

ἡ χέρσος (n.)      dry land

τὸ χεῦμα (n.)      stream

ἡ χηλή (n.)          hoop

ὁ/ἡ χήν (n.)        goose

ἡ χήρα (n.)          widow

χθιζός (adj.)       of yesterday (adj. of χθές)

ἡ χίμαιρα (n.)    she-goat

ἡ χλαῖνα (n.)      cloak

ἡ χλαμύς (n.)     cloak

χλευάζω (v.)      to scoff

ἡ χλιδή (n.)        luxury, wantonness

ἡ χλόη (n.)         young green corn or leaves

χλωρός (adj.)    green

ὁ χνόος (n.)       down, bloom

ἡ χοή  (n.)          liquid offering

ἡ χοῖνιξ (n.)       measure of corn

ἡ χοιράς (n.)      hogsback, ridge

ὁ χοῖρος (n.)      pig

ἡ χολή (n.)         bile

ὁ χόρτος (n.)     fodder

χόω (v.)              to heap up

χραίνω (v.)       1. to touch slightly 2. to defile

χραισμέω (v.)    to ward off, help (+dat.)

χράω (v.)            to give oracular answer

τὸ χρέος (n.)      debt

χρῄζω (v.)          to desire, need

ὁ χρησμός (n.)   oracle

χρίμπτω (v.)      to come close to, graze

χρίω (v.)             to rub, anoint

ὁ χρώς (n.)         skin, color

χρονίζω (v.)       to delay

χύδην (adv.)       promiscuously

ἡ χύτρα (n.)        pot

χωλός (adj.)        lame

χώομαι (v. dep.) to be angry

χωρίζω (v.)         to separate

 

Ψ

ἡ ψακάς (n.)       drizzle

ψακάζω (v.)       to drizzle

ἡ ψάμαθος/ψάμμος (n.) sand

ψαύω (v.)           to touch

ψάω (v.)              to wipe

ψέγω (v.)            to blame

ψηλαφάω (v.)   to grope, feel for with hands

ἡ ψῆφος (n.)      vote, pebble

ψήχω (v.)            to rub down

ψιθυρίζω (v.)     to whisper

ψιλός (adj.)        bare, light-armed

ὁ ψόγος (n.)       blame

ὁ ψόφος (n.)      noise

τὸ ψῦχος (n.)     cold

ψυχρός (adj.)     cold

 

Ω

ὠδίνω (v.)          to be in travail, labour

ἡ ὠδίς (n.)          pangs of childbirth

ὠθέω (v.)           to push

ἡ ὠλένη (n.)       elbow

ὁ ὦμος (n.)         shoulder

ὠμός (adj.)         1. raw 2. cruel

ἡ ὠτειλή (n.)      wound

ὤχρος (adj.)       pale

ὡραῖος (adj.)      ripe, beautiful